Door check and closer.



No. 642,59I. Patented Feb. 6, |900.

F. DSSDGNE.

DOOR CHECK AND CLUSER.

(Application med Feb. 17, 1397.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shaw( l.

W//f/.lmm 'In Patented Feb. 6, |900.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (Application led Feb. 1'7, 1897.)

F D 0 S S 0 G N E DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER. A

THE NORIS PETER CO.. PNDTDUYHO.. WASHINGTON. D4 f (No Model.)

trios.

PATENT FRDRIODOSSOGNE, OF ANTWERP, BELGIUM.

DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER.

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,591, dated February6, 1900.

Application filed February 17, 1897. Serial No. 623,902. (No model.) s

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, FRDRIO DossoGNE, a citizen of the Kingdom of Belgium,residing at Antwerp, Belgium, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Door Olosers and Checks for Doors Opening Both Vays, ofi which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus intended to close automaticallydoors opening in both directions.

The apparatus is shown, by Way of example, in the accompanying drawings.

Figure l represents the apparatus fixed to the door in a state of rest.Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus at rest. Fig. 3represents the apparatus as it appears when the door is opened towardthe side where the apparatus is iixed, and Fig. 4 when the door isopened on the opposite side. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 show the apparatusfurnished with oil-brakes in longitudinal section and the three chiefVFig. Sis a transverse section on the line a: of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is atransverse section on the line y y of Fig. 6. Fig. 10 is a view of thechief piston. Fig. 11 shows the construction of the packing-boxes of thebrake-cylinders. Fig. 12 shows a cross-section on line z a of Fig. 6looking toward the pistons, which appear in plan View.

The apparatus consists of a metal cylinder A, closed at both ends by ascrew-threaded cap a d. The cap o. has on the outer side a hinge b, bymeans of which the cylinder A is attached to the door. The opposite capa has a central opening passing through it, admitting the lever B, thefree end of which is jointed to a hinge c, iixed on the upright or postof the door-frame. This lever B is of conical form at its other end andforms with the rod C an articulated joint. The rod C has a shorterdiameter than the lever B and is intended to pass through a movable ringD, covering the joint when the apparatus is in a state of rest. Theopening of this ring is conical on th`e side of the lever B in orderthat the conical end of the latter may insert itself in the ring andpush it back when the door is opened toward the side Where the apparatusis fixed. On the side turned toward the small rod C the opening of thering is cylindrical, so as to stop the lever B, but allow the rod C topass through. This rod C has a positions.

sliding movement in a little cylinder E, which rests against the cap a..This cylinder carries in the part next the said stopper an outer collarc, on which rests one end of a spiral spring F, the other end restingagainst the ring D. This small cylinder carries within it at theopposite end a little collar e', adapted to stop the end of the rod C bymeans of a small piston e2, with which the latter is provided.

The Working of the apparatus Will be readily understood. Vhen theapparatus is at rest-that is to say, when the door is in its normal orclosed position-the articulated joint is sunk in the ring D, while thesmall rod C rests with its piston e2 against the collar e of the smallcylinder E. If now the door is pushed toward the side to which theapparatus is fixed, the lever B will rest against the ring D, the springwillbe compressed, and the small rod C will slip into the cylin der E.lAs soon as the door is left to itself, the spring, being relaxed,brings it back to its normal position. If, however, the door is pushedtoward the opposite side to that on which the apparatus is fixed, thelever B will pass out through the opening of the cap a',

the joint will fold, and the rod O will draw the small cylinder E bymeans of the piston e2 and the collar e'. The outside collar e of thesmall cylinder' will compress the spring, which will relax as soon asthe door is set free, as in the preceding movement.

To prevent the door from oscillating or opening and shutting itselfseveral times over, the apparatus may be furnished with oil-brakes. Thisapparatus is shown in Figs. 5 to 11. Inside the small cylinder E thereare two auxiliary cylinders E E2, in which the pistons e4 e5 have asliding movement. Their rods c and c2 are fixed in the ring D in such amanner that when the apparatus is in a state of rest the three pistonse2 e4 e5 are at the commencement of their stroke-#that is to say,resting against the collar e. The piston e2 is cut away, so as to slidebetween the outer wall of the cylinders E E2 and the interior wall ofthe cylinder E. (See Fig. 10.) The cylinders E E2 are closed in theirlower part, but the cylinder E is open. The cylin- IOO ders E E2 arefilled with oil or other lubricating liquid, and the small pistons e4 e5are slightly deflected on their rods, so that when these pistons advancethe liquid can pass between the :raised portion of the pistons and theadjacent wall of the auxiliary cylinders. lVhen the pistons recede, theoil passes under them through little openings e6 e7, provided in theirlower parts. It is obvious that one of these cylinders E E2 may bedispensed with, although the braking or checking action will be moreeven and satisfactory where both are used, as shown. To prevent theliquid from escaping out of the auxiliary cylinders, the latter arestopped by means of packing-boxes, Fig. 1l. These boxes are composed ofahollow nut f, screwed to the collar c above the auxiliary cylinders. Inthe cavity of this nut is lodged an india rubber ring f', which litstightly around the piston-rod. On this nut a second one, f2, is screwed,which holds the ring in its place', allowing a certain play in thehorizontal direction. When the door is pushed toward the side on whichthe apparatus is fixed, the ring D will cause the three pistons c2 c4 cto advance simultaneously into the cylinders E E' E2. The. oil or liquidwill pass above the small pistons e4 e5 and will prevent anyunsteadincss of motion of the door when it is moved on its hinges foropening in either direction, owing to the pressure of the liquid whichflows back only slowly through the little openings underneath thepistons e4 When the door is pushed toward the side opposite that onwhich the apparatus is fixed, the cylinder E, along with the auxiliarycylinders E E2, being drawn by the rod C, while the rods c c2 remainfixed, the pistons c4 e5 will plunge into the liquid and the same brakeaction will be elfected as in the previous case, when the door isallowed to swing back.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patl. In an automatic door-check and doorcloser, for doorsopening both inwardly and outwardly, the combination of alongitudinally-fixed cylinder with a spring compressible from eitherend, a supplemental cylinder movable endwise within the fixed cylinder,a piston sliding in the movable cylinder and arranged to engage the samefor moving the latter endwise, a connection between the said movablecylinder and the said spring, an aetuating-lever and pivotal connectionsfrom the latter to the said piston and directly to the other end of thesaid spring, in order that the latter may be compressed Whether the doorbe opened outwardly or inwardly, the said lever and main cylinder beingpivotally attached respectively to the door jamb or other lixed part andto the door, substantially as set forth.

2. In adoor-closer and door-check, the combination of a lever and aspring compressible from either end, a main cylinder inclosing the saidspring, a rim within the cylinder directly connected to said lever andan end of the said spring, an endwise, movable, auxiliary cylinderarranged within the said main cylinder and provided with a collar whichbears against the other end of the said spring and also with anadditional interior collar, a piston sliding within the said auxiliarycylinder and engaging the said interior collar, and a rod having pivotalconnection between the said piston and the said lever in order that thespring may be com pressed by the opening of the door in eitherdirection, the main cylinder and lever being pivotally attachedrespectively to the door and door-jamb, substantially as set forth. i

3. In a door-closer and door-check, the combination of a main cylinderand a spring, compressible from either end, inclosed therein, with anauxiliary cylinder movable endwise therein and having an attachmentadapted to bear against one end of the said spring, a piston sliding inthe said auxiliary cylinder but arranged and adapted to engage thelatter at a certain point and move it endwise, a rod attached to saidpiston, a lever pivotally connected with the said rod and positivelyconnected with the other end of the said spring, in order that it maycompress the latter whichever way the door is opened, means forsupplying liquid to a part of the said movable cylinder and obstructingthe escape of the said liquid and thereby retarding the movement of thesaid cylinder, for the purpose of keeping the door steady when it hasreturned to its normal position, by resisting its tendency to oscillatcunder opposing forces of momentum and resilience, substantially as setforth. i

4. In a door-closer and door-check, the combination of a main cylinderwith an auxiliary cylinder movable endwise therein and having anattachment adapted to bear against one end of the said spring, and apiston sliding in the said auxiliary cylinder but arranged and adaptedto engage the latter at a certain point and move it endwise a rodattached to said piston, a lever pivotally connected with the said rodand positively connected with the other end of the said spring in orderthat it may compress the latter whichever way the door is opened, anadditional cylinder arranged within the said movable cylinder andreciprocating therewith, a piston arranged within the said additionalcylinder and adapted to permit the passage of liquid slowly from oneside of the said piston to the other, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

5. In a door-closer and door-check, the combination of a main cylinderwith an auxiliary cylinder movable endwise therein and having anattachment adapted to bear against one end of the said spring, and apiston sliding in the said auxiliary cylinder but arranged and adaptedto engage the latter at a certain point and move it endwise, a rodattached to said piston, a lever pivotally connected with the said rodand positively connected with the other end of the said spring in orderthat it may compress the latter whichever way the door is opened, anadditional cylinder ar- IOO IIO

ranged within the said movable cylinder and reciprocating therewith, apiston arranged in deflected position within the said additionalcylinder and also provided with a small hole to permit the passage ofliquid through it, substantially as set forth. c

6. In a door-closerand door-check, the combination of a main cylinderwith an auxiliary cylinder movable endwise therein and having anattachment adapted to bear against one end of the said spring, and apiston sliding in the said auxiliary cylinder but arranged and adaptedto engage the latter at a certain point and move it endwise, a rodattached to said piston, a lever pivotally connected with said rod andpositively connected with the other end of the said spring in order thatit may compress the latter whichever way the door is opened, a pair ofadditional cylinders arranged within the said movable cylinder andreciprocating therewith pistons respectively arranged within the saidadditional cylinders and adapted to permit the passage of liquid slowlyfrom one side of the said pistons to the other, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

FREDERIC DossoeNE. Witnesses:

F. C. OANFIELD, GREGORY PHELAN.

